Atividade antifúngica dos óleos essenciais Baccharis trimera e Foeniculum vulgare para o controle da podridão amarga em maçã
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18226/25253824.v5.n9.06Palavras-chave:
Colletotrichum fructicola, controle alternativo, óleo essencial, Malus domesticaResumo
O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a composição química dos óleos essenciais (OEs) de Baccharis trimera e Foeniculum vulgare e seu efeito in vitro e in vivo no controle de Colletotricum fructicola, agente causador da podridão amarga em maçãs. A composição química dos OEs foi determinada por CG-EM, e seu efeito contra C. fructicola foi avaliado in vitro pelo crescimento micelial e germinação de conídios, e in vivo pela redução dos sintomas da doença no pós-colheita de maçãs. O principal composto identificado no OE de B. trimera foi o acetato de carquejila (74,71%) e no OE de F. vulgare o estragol (88,47%). Nos testes in vitro, o OE de B. trimera apresentou ação fungistática, enquanto que o OE de F. vulgare apresentou ação fungicida sobre o crescimento micelial. Ambos OEs inibiram completamente a germinação de conídios de C. fructicola. No teste in vivo, os OEs testados foram ineficientes na redução da severidade da doença causada por C. fructicola, tanto no tratamento preventivo quanto no tratamento curativo. Estes resultados são promissores e indicam que os OEs podem ser melhor investigados como uma alternativa natural aos fungicidas sintéticos para o controle de podridão amarga em maçãs devido ao seu efeito fungicida in vitro.
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