A fundamentação do Estado e o papel do medo e da esperança na política de Hobbes

Abstract

The objective of this article is to understand what the main reasons are for the founding of the State and what role fear and hope play in Hobbes’s political conception. The main reference work for this article is Leviathan, without excluding, of course, possible complements to the works, On the Citizen and Elements of natural and political law. To achieve this purpose, we seek, at first, to presente the reasons for the foundation of the State, highlighting the thesis that the passage and permanence, in the civil state, as a rational construction, is the condition of possibility for each man to overcome the fear of death, giving you hope to survive under the protection of Leviathan. And, in a second moment, it is about analyzing Hobbes’ conception of the role played by fear and hople that lead to the exit and passage from the etate of nature to the civil state, and, remaining there, as a condition of life, preserved and peaceful.