Conflicts and Management Perceptions Between Native and Non-Native Residents of Four Beaches in Ecuador / Conflitos e Percepção de Residentes Nativos e Não Nativos em Relação ao Manejo Ambiental em Quatro Praias do Equador

Resumo

ABSTRACT

By conducting an exploratory research, 705 surveys were collected along four sandy beaches in Ecuador: Ayangue, Chipipe, Olon and Puerto Engabao, chosen because of their unequal levels of tourism development. A correlation study takes into account the perception of native and non-native residents and as a result environmental conflicts affected most residents from Ayangue, Olon and Puerto Engabao, and physical conflicts mainly affected residents from Chipipe.  Also, according to the perceptions of native and non-native residents on beach management, only in Olon both groups considerate a community management while in the other beaches, the preferences varied between national, regional and community management. Finally, the Chi-Square tests show non-relation between the conflicts and the place of origin. However, in terms of management, there is significant relation between this aspect and their native land. This study aims to contribute to beach management research considering residents as a heterogeneous group. 

KEYWORDS

Tourism. Beach Tourism. Resident. Ecuador.

RESUMO

A presente pesquisa, exploratória com 705 questionários respondidos, foi aplicada em quatro praias do Equador - Ayangue, Chipipe, Olon e Puerto Engabao -, escolhidas considerando-se seus níveis desiguais de desenvolvimento turístico. Estudo de correlação levou em consideração a percepção dos residentes nativos e não-nativos e, como resultado, constatou-se que conflitos ambientais afetaram a maioria dos moradores de Ayangue, Olon e Puerto Engabao, e conflitos sociais afetaram principalmente os moradores de Chipipe. Além disso, de acordo com as percepções dos residents, nativos e não nativos, sobre o manejo das praias, somente em Olon ambos os grupos consideram a possibilidade de um manejo comunitário, enquanto nas demais, as preferências variaram entre manejo federal, regional e comunitário. Por fim, o Qui-Quadrado mostrou não-relação entre os conflitos e o local de origem. No entanto, em termos de gestão, existe uma relação significativa entre este aspecto e a terra natal dos sujeitos. Este estudo visa contribuir para a pesquisa sobre manejo de praias, considerando os moradores como um grupo heterogêneo.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE

Turismo. Turismo de Sol-e-Mar. Residente. Equador.

AUTORAS

Fanny Manner-Baldeon – Mestra. Professora e pesquisadora na Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Samborondon, Guayas, Ecuador. Currículo: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0946-0890. E-mail: fannymanner@yahoo.com

[1]María Fernanda Icaza-Moran – Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Equador. E-mail: mficaza@espol.edu.ec

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Processo Editoral: Recebido: 13 MAR 2018; Avaliado: MAR; Aceite: 9 ABR 2018