Paascalian meditations and cartesian meditations
Keywords:
Husserl, Bourdieu, Transcendental phenomenology, HabitusAbstract
The paper develops an investigation of the concept of habitus in Bourdieu and Husserl from the opposition of two different philosophical styles, one (the Cartesian one) based on the affirmation of the self-transparency of reason and one (the Pascalian one) that places at its center an individuality open to infinity, exposed to the unforeseeability of concreteness and bound to an ‘order’ that punctuates its existence and determines its consistency. Beyond a possible opposition, Bourdieu himself argues for a possible integration between these two approaches. In this article I will try to make explicit the meaning of this integration by showing how Husserlian reflection on habitus confirms Bourdieu’s conclusion. At first I will describe Cartesian meditations and Pascalian meditations as two opposing styles (§§ 2-3). I will then turn to an analysis of some relevant passages in the Husserlian reflection on habitus developed in Experience and Judgment (§4), with the aim of highlighting the relation between habitus and rational motivations, and in Ideas 2, with that of showing how the formation of such motives allows us to clarify the relations between pure ego, individual and empirical subject (§5). Finally, I will show how the opposition between Pascalian meditations and Cartesian meditations actually resolves into Leibnizian meditating, which in fact Husserl and Bourdieu share (§6).References
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