Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science

Use of alternative products to control Ceratocystis frimbriata in kiwi seedlings

Marcia Regina Pansera — 2023-05-16

In the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) is the largest producer of kiwi, but its productivity has been threatened due to the Ceratocystis fimbriata pathogen. This paper aimed to evaluate the efficiency of essential oils of fennel and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass), Pipper nigrum (pepper) and pyrolenous extracts, and Aliette (Fosetyl-Al) fungicide in the control of C. fimbriata on kiwi in vitro and in vivo tests. The treatments for the in vitro test were the following: essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) and lemongrass at the concentrations of zero, 0,01 %, 0,05 %, 0,10 %, 0.15 %, and 0.20 % v/v. For pepper extract, the concentrations used were zero, 0,05 %, 0,10 %, 0.25 %, and 0.50 % v/v. For pyroligneous extract, the concentrations used were the following ones: 0,05 %, 0,10 %, 0,25 %, and 0.50 % v/v and fosetyl-Al fungicide (250 g/100 L). The outline was completely randomized with five repetitions, each plot consisting of a Petri dish. For the in vivo assay, seedlings of the cultivar Bruno of one-year-old were used, and they were cultivated in five-liter land pots and kept in a greenhouse. The inoculation occurred through sterilized paper discs, with a diameter of 0.5 cm, immersed in a suspension of the pathogen on a previously provoked injury. The treatments were done through the essential oil of fennel and lemongrass at a dose of 0.20 % and fosetyl-Al (250 g/100 L). The results were submitted to the analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott test with 5 % error probability. It was concluded that the essential oils of lemongrass and fennel, at the concentrations of 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 % v/v, inhibited completely (100 %) the growth of C. fimbriata. The pepper extract had no effect on the growth of the pathogen at the concentration of 20 % v/v. And for the in vivo assay, no treatment showed satisfactory disease control. however, future studies with higher doses may be carried out.

Peridomestic conditions of urban and rural residences in Petrolina (PE) and the relationship with zoonotic risks

Lorena Maria Souza Rosas — 2023-07-26

Diseases linked to climatic conditions, poverty, deficiency of infrastructure / sanitation and health care, associated with cultural, social and economic factors, are responsible for the incidence and prevalence of zoonoses. The objective was to socioeconomically analyze the population of Petrolina (PE) and characterize the surroundings of the residences, in order to verify exposure to zoonotic risks. This is an observational field study, analytical nature, cross-sectional design, exploratory and descriptive approach, and analysis of the qualitative and quantitative results. 397 people, over 18 years old, residents of the household, in urban and rural areas were interviewed. The interviewees were mostly women (65.5%) and adults (69.5%). Individuals with incomplete elementary education (28.2%) and complete high school (28.9%), among the middle class (58.9%), stood out. In the urban area, they declared residences close to open sewers and land with garbage, while in the countryside, proximity to forests and the river / stream, having sanitation areas. Such variables were statistically relevant. The variable “presence of dogs around the home” was not statistically different, but the population reported seeing stray dogs frequently. The population feels exposed to risk factors.

Cervical cancer from 2013 to 2021: an epidemiological analysis in Brazil

Rubens Barbosa Rezende — 2023-09-28

O câncer decorre de mutações genéticas, que são alterações no DNA das células, que passam a receber instruções erradas para suas atividades. De evolução lenta, o curso natural do câncer cervical é descrito como uma lesão inicial benigna que sofre transformação intraepitelial progressiva e pode evoluir para um carcinoma invasivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os casos notificados de malignidade cervical no Brasil, associando as variáveis: diagnóstico detalhado, faixa etária, unidade federativa de diagnóstico, ano de diagnóstico e modalidade terapêutica. Por meio de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo de natureza quantitativa, utilizando os dados disponíveis no banco de notificações oficial do Ministério da Saúde, DATASUS. O acesso a esses dados não requer aprovação do comitê de ética, pois são de domínio público. No Brasil, 113, Foram notificados 542 casos de neoplasia maligna do colo do útero no período de 2013 a 2021, sendo que destes, 13.784 casos (12,14%) foram prevalentes na faixa etária de 40 a 44 anos, e menos prevalentes em 0 a 19, com 188, tendo maiores registros no triênio 2018-2020, com 50.780 casos (44,72%). São Paulo foi o estado mais prevalente em casos, com 19.989, seguido pelos estados de Minas Gerais, Paraná e Rio de Janeiro, com 10.047, 8.675 e 7.332 casos, respectivamente. Além disso, a modalidade terapêutica mais utilizada para esta neoplasia foi a radioterapia com 43.929 casos, seguida da quimioterapia e cirurgia, com 27.550 e 18.318 casos, respectivamente. No entanto, fica evidente que o estudo mostrou uma amostra relevante de casos notificados, bem como os mais prevalentes estavam na faixa etária de 40 a 44 anos, tendo como modalidade terapêutica, a radioterapia a mais utilizada.

Forensic Entomology and the importance of entomological collections

Jordana Verdi — 2023-09-25

Entomological collections represent fundamental tools in the study and correct recognition of taxons, recording the species and their geographic distribution, helping in the elaboration of publications destined to the identification of insect groups, development of different technical works and extension activities. The collections stand out as a basis for the studies of biodiversity and evolution, in addition to being invaluable for both researchers and society in general. When well maintained and organized, including a suitable environment and correct management, entomological collections can last for years and thus are extremely important for research. Although the great technological advance that helps in the identification of taxons, the use of collections in routine species identification activities is still necessary. Thus, the present work aimed to carry out a literature review on the importance of entomological collections in the identification of species and application of Forensic Entomology in criminal expertise. With the advancement of forensic studies, the importance of entomological collections was verified, as they help in the identification of insects that visit the corpse, facilitating forensic analysis and contributing data in an investigation.

Biological aspects of Head and Neck Cancer

Nikael Souza de Oliveira — 2023-05-16

Cancers are genetic origin pathologies, caused by cell cycle anomalies, with two main groups of genes related to their development: Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Head and neck cancer is the name given to a heterogeneous group of cancers that occur above the collarbone region. These pathologies are aggressive and disfiguring, with a high mortality rate due to late diagnosis. Many risk factors are associated with development of this pathology, being smoker, alcoholism and HPV infection the main. The last one, is so important, that oropharyngeal cancer received a new staging classification for patients HPV-postive and patients HPV-negative. It’s understood that earlier the cancer is diagnosed, better is the cure chance. For that reason, more studies in this area are important.

Critical review of the movie “The Wave” under the perspective of Idealism and Realism Pedagogies

Fernanda Pessi de Abreu — 2023-06-17

The movie “The Wave” depicts an experiment carried out during Contemporary History lessons in a basic education school. The approach had the objective of demonstrating the motivations that led germans to accept and follow the nazi regimen. For this, the professor made use of an unorthodox methodology which simulated autocratic principles inside the class. In this context, the current paper aims to perform a critical review of the movie “The Wave”, establishing connections between the narrative and the fundamentals of education. Initially, an analysis is conducted to determine relations between events of the film and the two main pedagogical theories: the Idealism of Plato and the Realism of Aristotle. In sequence, a reflection on positive and negative experiences is held, as well as their impact on learning. At last, a discussion is developed on certain elements of the movie and traditional tendencies that permeate the current pedagogical thinking, such as the culture of spectacle, knowledge relativization and, humanistic and technical ideologies. This work allowed the development of critical analyses with respect to the occupation and exercise of teaching and the relationships existing in the school environment.